Scaling of social prestige by direct and indirect psychophysical methods

Psychophysical Scaling'"

their helpful criticisms of a preliminary draft of this chapter. A special word of thanks is due Dr. Stevens, u~ho, in addition to discovering seueral errors of fact and a nutnber of stylistic blunders, forced us to reconsider some of our views on various aspects of scaling. His comments coupled wzth our own misgivings resulted in a complete revision oj'the section on magnitude estimation and t...

Psychophysical Scaling

Comparison of Two Methods of Direct and Indirect Education on Osteoporosis Preventive Behaviors among Female Students

Background Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease that decreases bone mass, causes destruction and eventually friability. This disease is preventable, and because adolescent females are the high-risk population, teaching this age group is of the utmost importance. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of the two educational methods (Lecture and Pamphlet) on osteoporos...

Evaluating Anthropometric Dimensions of the Femur Using Direct and Indirect Methods

Introduction: The human anthropometric characteristics are surveyed in anthropology. Anthropology is used in archeology, rehabilitation and legal medicine. The purpose of this study was to determine femur which has a special place in the science of anthropometry. Methods: To measure the femur, both direct and indirect methods was used. The direct method of measuring the 113 femur in dissection...

Direct and indirect methods for trajectory optimization

This paper gives a brief list of commonly used direct and indirect efficient methods for the numerical solution of optimal control problems. To improve the low accuracy of the direct methods and to increase the convergence areas of the indirect methods we suggest a hybrid approach. For this a special direct collocation method is presented. In a hybrid approach this direct method can be used in ...